The first production facility, Ebanisteria Castelli, was organized as a group of small, specialized artisan workshops dedicated to the production of high-quality traditional wooden furniture. At the beginning of the 20th century, the company moved beyond its domestic roots and became an official supplier to major Italian public institutions, expanding its production facilities in Bologna with the opening of new plants. In the post-war period, the company changed its name to Anonima Castelli, focusing its production on office furniture and communal spaces.

Collaboration with leading designers of the time, such as Giancarlo Piretti, together with the creation of the Centro Studi e Progetti, radically transformed the company’s approach to design, turning it into a hub for technological innovation and the redefinition of aesthetic standards in contract and collective furniture. During these years, Anonima Castelli introduced products that would go on to become true classics in the industry, including the DSC 106 chair, the Plia chair, and the Vertebra chair, developed by Giancarlo Piretti and Emilio Ambasz. Other prominent names who brought their creative talent to Anonima Castelli include Richard Sapper, Ferdinand Alexander Porsche, Charles Pollock, Enzo Mari, and Michele De Lucchi.